便携式XRF测定仪在土壤检测中的应用及影响

第35卷第6期中国环境监利Vol.35 No.62019年12月Environmental Monitoring in ChinaDee,2019便携式XRF测定仪在土壤检测中的应用及其影响因素朱梦杰上海市环境监测中心，上海200235摘要：研究了便携式X射线荧光光谱仪(PXR下)的仪器性能，评信了其检出限、淮确废及精密度，并和常规实脸室检测方法比对近一步评估共往能，分祈两者闻的相关性和差并性。遥一步深究了影响PXR℉测定的2个装主要周素（土壤含求量和粒径)。结果表明：PXRF县备我好的仅器性能，8种元素的检出限为0.62-8.01mg/kg,除Cd和Hg外，精密度均依于7%，准确度范围为-7.5%~11.1克。Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、As的PXRF测定维与常规实验室方法烈定值有度好的相关性，特别是Cu、Zm,和关系数可达0.873、0.832，而Cd和Hg的相关性则较骑。土壤合术量和土壤粒径会影响PXRF的测定性能，鲜样测定检测值普造小于干样，0.15、2mm毅径下检测值县有较强的相关性。研究旨在为PXRF的现场应用捉供参考，滨方法可总周于初步胜测和应急监测，实现土壤重金属元素的快速测定。关键词：便携式X射线荧光光语仪：土镀；重金属：环境监测中图分类号：X85文献标志码：A文章编号：1002-6002(2019)06-0129-09D0I:10.19316/j.is5n.1002-6002.2019.06.18Application of Portable XRF Analyzer in Soil Detection and Its Influencing FactorsZHU MengjieShanghai Environmental Monitoring Center.Shanghai 200235,ChinaAbstract:The instrument performance of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (PXRF)was studied,and the detection limits,precision and accuracy were assessed in this paper.PXRF were compared with the conventional laboratory detection methods byanalyzing their correlation and difference to further evaluate its performance.The results showed that PXRF had a good instrumentperformance,the detection limits of 8 elements were 0.62-8.01mg/kg,except for Cd and Hg.the precision was within 7%,andthe accuracy ranged from -7.5%to 11.1%.The PXRF measured values of Pb.Cr.Cu.Zn,Ni,and As had a good correlationwith the measured values of conventional laboratory methods,especially for Cu and Zn,the correlation coefficients were 0.873and 0.832.respectively,while the correlation between Cd and Hg was weak.Soil moisture content and soil partiele size affeetedthe performance of PXRF measurements.the detection value under the fresh sample was generally smaller than that of the drysample.and the detection value at 0.15mm and 2mm particle size had strong correlation.The study was aimed to provide atheoretical basis for the field application of PXRF.whieh ean be applied to preliminary monitoring and emergeney monitoring toachieve rapid determination of heavy metal elements in soil.Keywords:Portable X-ray Fluorescence(PXRF);soil;heavy metals;environmental monitoring随者城市化进程的加快和土地资源的紧张，的化学分析法外，常用的检测手段为原子吸收光土壤环境管理、土壤污染及污染土壤再利用等成谱法(AAS)、原子荧光光谱法(AFS)、电感耦合等为政府及相关部门面临的重要课题，特别是“净离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)以及波长色散X射线荧土保卫战”的实施，给政府环境管理提出了新的光光谱法(XRF))等。传统实验室方法虽然准要求。2016年国家发布《土壤污染防治行动计确度高、精密度好，但是前处理繁琐，测试费用及划》，明确提出完成土壤环境监测技术规范制修消耗高，易造成二次污染，且测试时效性不强。便订，形成土壤环境监测能力。监测方法是监测工携式X射线荧光光谱(PXRF)法无需或仅需简单作的基础，只有加强土壤环境监测技术水平，才能前处理，具有快速可靠、无损检测及低成本等优保证数据的科学性、规范性和准确性。土壤重势，可以一键测试30多种元素[1。S0和金属的快速测定对土壤环境调查、风险评估及土USEPA已将该方法纳入标准分析方法，中国相关壤修复都至关重要。土壤重金属的分析除了传统标准仍在研究制定中6个。收稿日期：2019-04-30：修订日期：2019-07-12第一作者简介：朱梦杰(1982)，男，上海人，学士，工程师。